Background: Burkholderia pseudomallei is a saprophytic, aerobic, non-sporing, nonfermenting, facultative intracellular motile gram-negative bacilli found in tropical and subtropical regions. Melioidosis can range from asymptomatic infections to life-threatening illnesses affecting the internal organs, particularly when the host's immunity is compromised. Delayed clinical presentation and a lack of access to critical care resources in high-prevalence areas significantly contribute to this death burden. This disease has a high case fatality rate in endemic areas. The written consent was obtained from the patient after explained them about this study. To increase physician awareness of melioidosis in high-risk patients presenting with diverse clinical symptoms, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy and ensuring timely, appropriate treatment. Case descriptions:Case series: Case 1: 40-year-old male with septic pulmonary emboli; Case 2: 72-year-old female with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Type II respiratory failure; Case 3: 25-year-old female with septic arthritis; Case 4: 69years-old male with pneumonia and bacteraemia; Case 5: 54-year-old male with diabetic nephropathy and chronic kidney disease. The appropriate samples were collected from all the cases, and the identification of the isolated organisms and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using Vitek 2 automated compact system. The patients were treated with appropriate supportive measures. Among the five cases, three had a better outcome, and two cases had deteriorated. Conclusion:This case series emphasis that the Clinicians should be aware of the risk of melioidosis, particularly during the rainy season, Diagnostic tests should be enhanced to ensure timely exploration and treatment.

Keywords: Burkholdria pseudomallei, diabetes, immunocompromised, sepsis, pneumonia

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