en باکتری شناسی bacteriology Research Article Research Article <span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b>Background:</b> The sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a diagnostic challenge for physicians. It has been shown that adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity increases in various body fluids of patients with tuberculosis (TB). A prospective clinical trial was conducted to determine the effectiveness of ADA activity in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in subjects who have sputum smear-negative PTB.<br> <b>Methods:</b> A total of 29 patients (M/F: 15/14), mean age (36.8 years), were enrolled in our study from October 2021 to August 2022 after providing written consent. The mean duration of symptoms was 41.66 days. Out of 29 patients, 21 patients had BAL ADA 4.81&plusmn;1.68 unit??, for whom AKT treatment was started and cured, while four patients with BAL ADA 4.50&plusmn;2.86 unit? did not improve, and four patients with BAL ADA 6.52&plusmn;1.16 whose AKT treatment is ongoing at present but clinically improved. The sensitivity of BAL ADA with the outcome of 29 patients is 75%, while for BAL CBNAAT, it is 80%. When we apply a formula for combined sensitivity for the parallel test, then it comes to 95%, which indicates a great number of patients gets the benefit when we apply both tests simultaneously.<br> <b>Results:</b> We conclude that ADA activity was significantly increased in BAL.<br> <b>Conclusion</b>: BAL ADA is a useful and effective investigation for the diagnosis of PTB.</span></span><br> &nbsp; Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Adenosine Deaminase, Bronchoalveolar lavage, 1 3 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1400-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Deep Rajendrabhai Kothari kortharideep316@gnail.com 100319475328460028085 0009-0009-0757-2566 No Department of Respiratory Medicine, Narendra Modi Medical College, Maninagar, Ahmedabad, India Nilesh Dutt palakprajapati28@gmail.com 100319475328460028086 0009-0009-8704-9395 No Department of Respiratory Medicine, Narendra Modi Medical College, Maninagar, Ahmedabad, India Palak Prajapati shishugarg@yahoo.com 100319475328460028087 0009-0006-3077-1326 No Department of Respiratory Medicine, Narendra Modi Medical College, Maninagar, Ahmedabad, India Pankaj Garg shishugarg@yahoo.com 100319475328460028088 0009-0009-0757-2566 Yes NHL Municipal Medical College, Paldi, Ahmedabad, India Mamta Patel mamta090498@gmail.com 100319475328460028089 0009-0002-7703-7226 No Department of Respiratory Medicine, Narendra Modi Medical College, Maninagar, Ahmedabad, India