en علوم آزمایشگاهی Laboratory Sciences Research Article Research Article <span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b>Background:</b> Syphilis has serious consequences for human health and poses challenges for biological diagnosis. Techniques such as chemiluminescence are still poorly known in our context. Our objective was to compare chemiluminescence and hemagglutination assays with immunoblot as a reference test for detecting anti-<i>Treponema pallidum</i> antibodies.<br> <b>Methods:</b> Anti-<i>Treponema pallidum</i> antibodies were detected in serum samples. Comparison of chemiluminescence and hemagglutination assays was carried out with immunoblot as the reference test, based on sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and kappa statistic, using IBM-SPSS version 24 software. The significance level was set at 5%.<br> <b>Results:</b> A total of 600 participants were recruited, with a prevalence of syphilis infection of 3%. Sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 96.2% for chemiluminescence, and 93.8% and 100% for hemagglutination, respectively. Cohen&#39;s kappa statistic between the two tests showed satisfactory agreement (0.768). Cohen&#39;s kappa agreements between chemiluminescence/immunoblot and plate hemagglutination assay/immunoblot were greater than 0.8, indicating excellent agreement with the reference test (p<0.0001).<br> <b>Conclusion</b>: Chemiluminescence is more sensitive but less specific than hemagglutination. The use of chemiluminescence as a first-line test for the diagnosis of syphilis should be considered.</span></span><br> &nbsp; Hemagglutination tests, Immunoblotting, Syphilis 13 15 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1355-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Toukam Michel mtoukam2002@gmail.com 100319475328460028096 100319475328460028096 Yes Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, Hematology and infectious diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon Voundi-Voundi Esther esther.voundi@fmsb-uy1.cm 100319475328460028097 100319475328460028097 No Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, Hematology and infectious diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon Bole Bernard bernardbole6@gmail.com 100319475328460028098 100319475328460028098 No Ministry of Public Health, Cameroon Mviena Nyimbe Louise nlouisegilberte@gmail.com 100319475328460028099 100319475328460028099 No Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital, Cameroon Sahmo Simon Stevensen sahmosimon@yahoo.fr 100319475328460028100 100319475328460028100 No Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital, Cameroon Nogue Raissa kamga_estelle@yahoo.fr 100319475328460028101 100319475328460028101 No Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital, Cameroon Kasia Jean Marie jm_kasia@yahoo.fr 100319475328460028102 100319475328460028102 No Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon