en علوم آزمایشگاهی Laboratory Sciences Research Article Research Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b>Background:</b> Hemoglobinopathies are a group of inherited disorders characterized by abnormal hemoglobin structure or synthesis, primarily classified into thalassemia syndromes and structural hemoglobin variants. Recognized as a global health priority, these disorders necessitate accurate diagnostic approaches. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has emerged as a reliable method for their detection. This study aimed to analyze the spectrum of hemoglobinopathies using HPLC in a population from Western Maharashtra, India.<br> <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted at Bharati Vidyapeeth (DTU) Medical College, Pune, over three years. A total of 1,455 specimens from individuals of both genders were analyzed using the VARIANT&trade; II &beta;-Thalassemia Short Program based on ion-exchange chromatography. Hematological parameters were assessed for all subjects, and the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies, along with their subtypes, was documented.<br> <b>Results:</b> The mean age of the study population was 26.91 &plusmn; 7.06 years, with a female predominance. The overall incidence of hemoglobinopathies was 8.78%, with &beta;-thalassemia minor being the most prevalent, followed by &beta;-thalassemia major, Hb S trait, and Hb S disease. Rare variants included two cases of Hb D Punjab heterozygosity and one case of Hb E heterozygosity. The Mentzer index exhibited a positive correlation with Hb F and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and a negative correlation with hemoglobin levels, Hb A, and red cell distribution width (RDW-C).<br> <b>Conclusion</b>: The study revealed an 8.78% prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in the region, with &beta;-thalassemia trait (Heterozygous) being the most common. Notably, co-inheritance of Hb E with &beta;-thalassemia exacerbated anemia severity. These findings underscore the importance of HPLC-based screening for early diagnosis and management of hemoglobinopathies in high-risk populations.</span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> Hemoglobinopathies, beta-Thalassemia, Hemoglobin A2, Hemoglobin E, High-performance liquid chromatography 1 5 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1325-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Parineeta Shelke parineetashelke@gmail.com 100319475328460030495 100319475328460030495 No Department of Pathology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India Preeti Doshi prdoshi22@gmail.com 100319475328460030496 100319475328460030496 Yes Department of Pathology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India Amit Nisal dramitnisal@yahoo.com 100319475328460030497 100319475328460030497 No Department of Pathology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India Abdulrahaman Momin rahaman.momin@gmail.com 100319475328460030498 100319475328460030498 No Department of Pathology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India Ravindra Nimbargi nimbargiravindra@gamil.com 100319475328460030499 100319475328460030499 No Department of Biochemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India