en فیزیولوژی ورزشی Sport Physiology تحقيقي Original Paper <strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Vascular senescence refers to specific aging-associated changes in the endothelial cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of 12 weeks of resistance training with elastic bands on circulating endothelial cell-derived microRNA-92a and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in elderly women with osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO).<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> In the present randomized clinical trial, 48 elderly women with OSO were randomly divided into a control group (n=22) and an experimental group (n=26). The subjects in the intervention group performed 12 weeks of resistance training with elastic bands three times a week. The participants became familiar with targeted number of repetitions and OMNI-resistance exercise scale to control exercise intensity.<br> <strong>Results: </strong>The mean age, body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), and bone mineral density T-score for the hip and L1-L4 lumbar spine of the subjects were 64.13&plusmn;3.68 years, 45.4%&plusmn;6.56, 33.1&plusmn;3.71 kg/m², and -1.86&plusmn;1.42, respectively. After the 12-week resistance training, we observed a significant decrease in serum level of mir-92a in the experimental group compared to the control group (p=0.03). However, there was no significant difference between the study groups in terms of body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, total cholesterol, and ET-1 (p&ge;0.05).<strong><span dir="RTL"></span></strong><br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The 12-week resistance training program seems to modulate and decrease serum mir-92a expression in elderly women with OSO. The lack of a significant change in BMI, body fat percentage, and ET-1 levels following the exercise training might be due to the type and intensity of the exercises.<span dir="RTL"></span> Resistance Training,Obesity,Sarcopenia,Osteoporosis,Aged,Vascular Stiffness, 34 40 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-995-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ayoub Hashemi amir_85_2005@yahoo.com 100319475328460021824 100319475328460021824 No Department of Physical Education, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran rahman soori soorirahman@yahoo.com 100319475328460021825 100319475328460021825 Yes Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Ebrahim Banitalebi 100319475328460021826 100319475328460021826 No Department of Exercise Physiology, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran Siroos Choobineh 100319475328460021827 100319475328460021827 No Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran