en ميکروب شناسي Microbiology تحقيقي Original Paper <strong>Background and objectives:</strong> The spread of infectious diseases and malignant diseases has been increasing in the recent years. The use of chemical drugs, in addition to the development of drug resistance, also cause serious side effects. We conducted the present study to examine the antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-cancer effects of <em>E. camaldulensis</em> as a <u>herbal remedy</u>.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> We extracted <em>E. camaldulensis</em> using a hydroalcoholic solution. The antiviral effect of the plant was investigated at the time of the <em>Herpes simplex virus</em> entry and once the virus entered the cell. Moreover, we evaluated MIC and MBC of <em>E. camaldulensis </em>on <em>Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyrogens, Streptococcus agalactiae, Acinetobacter baumannii, </em>and<em> Corynebacterium glutamicum</em>. For the evaluation of cell cytotoxicity, HFF-2 (NCBI: C163) and A549 <span dir="RTL">)</span>ATCC: CCL81) cell lines were utilized.<br> <strong>Results: </strong>The results of the cytotoxicity test indicated that both cell lines were sensitive to the hydroalcoholic extracts of <em>E. camaldulensis</em>. The MIC for <em>A. baumannii</em>,<em> K. pneumonia</em>, and <em>C. glutamicum</em> was 6.25 &micro;g/ml, and the MIC for <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>S. pyogenes</em>, and <em>S. agalactiae</em> was 12.5 &micro;g/ml. MBC was evaluated as 25 &micro;g/ml for <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>S. pyogenes</em>, and <em>S. Agalactiae</em>. It was 12.5 &micro;g/ml for <em>A. baumannii</em>,<em> K. pneumonia</em>, and <em>S. Agalactiae.</em> IC50 value on entering the virus into the cell was 40 &micro;g/ml, and following the absorption of the virus, the IC50 value was 80 &micro;g/ml.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of this study demonstrated that <em>E. camaldulensis </em>is of antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-cancer potentials and could be used as a candidate for the preparation <u>of a new drug.</u><br> &nbsp; E. camaldulensis, Antibacterial, Antiviral, Anti-cancer, HSV-1 26 32 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-943-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Helena Hanif helenahanif@gmail.com 100319475328460018777 100319475328460018777 No Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Scinces, Alzahra University, Vanak St., Tehran, Iran Ameneh Elikaei a.elikaei@alzahra.ac.ir 100319475328460018778 100319475328460018778 Yes Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Scinces, Alzahra University, Vanak St., Tehran, Iran Hossein Vazini Hossein_vazini@yahoo.com 100319475328460018779 100319475328460018779 No Nursing Department, Basic Sciences Faculty, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Ali Mohammadi li_chal@yahoo.com 100319475328460018780 100319475328460018780 No Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Scinces, Alzahra University, Vanak St., Tehran, Iran